The original principal signer of the electronic record.
The grantee or beneficiary of the electronic record.
A disinterested custodian who does not directly benefit from the electronic record.
The notary public themselves, utilizing their own official seal.
Official source: 2026 California Notary Public Handbook (2026)
Reference: Gov. Code § 27201.1
Source checked September 7, 2026 · Answer reviewed September 7, 2026
Correct Answer
C. A disinterested custodian who does not directly benefit from the electronic record.
Detailed Explanation
2025 Tangible Copy Certification rules. According to CA Gov. Code § 27201.1, a notary public can notarize a certification by a 'disinterested custodian' stating that a tangible copy is a complete and accurate reproduction of an electronic record. The custodian must explicitly swear that they are not a grantee, beneficiary, or someone who directly benefits from the record.
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